Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Current State of Knowledge Regarding WHO High Priority Pathogens—Resistance Mechanisms and Proposed Solutions through Candidates Such as Essential Oils: A Systematic Review

doi: 10.3390/ijms24119727

Figure Lengend Snippet: Studies assessing the antimicrobial activity of essential oils against methicillin resistant, vancomycin-intermediate and -resistant S. aureus (a non-exhaustive list).

Article Snippet: Predoi D. et al., 2018 , MRSA 1144 S. aureus 1426 ESBL E. coli 4493 E. coli ATCC 25922 , Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) Lavandula augustifolia Mill (lavender) (linalool being the major compound in both EOs) , Broth microdilution Flow cytometric assay , Lavender EO expressed a good antibacterial action (MIC < 0.1% mg/mL for E. coli strains and up to 0.78% mg/mL for S. aureus strains; MBC < 0.1% mg/mL up to 1.56% mg/mL). The hydroxyapatite solution with lavender EO expressed an increased antibacterial activity (MIC = 0.31 mg/mL; MBC = 0.62 mg/mL for MRSA 1144), making hydroxyapatite a possible vehicle for lavender EO solutions in low concentrations. , [ ] .

Techniques: Activity Assay, Diffusion-based Assay, Inhibition, Cytotoxicity Assay, Electron Microscopy, In Vitro, Dilution Assay, Preserving, Quantitative Proteomics, Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis, Membrane, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, Concentration Assay, Titration, Bacteria, Microscopy, Transmission Assay, Microdilution Assay, Produced, Modification, Clinical Proteomics, Blocking Assay, Staining, Cell Culture, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Crystal Violet Assay, Expressing, Flow Cytometry, In Vivo, Liposomes, Time-Kill Assay, Formulation, MTT Assay, Incubation, Thin Layer Chromatography, Bioassay, Antibiofilm Assay, Resazurin Assay, Biofilm Production Assay, Control, Infection, Cream, Antioxidant Activity Assay, Permeability, Virus, Extraction, Isolation

Journal: Molecular cancer

Article Title: Unveiling the PDK4-centered rituximab-resistant mechanism in DLBCL: the potential of the "Smart" exosome nanoparticle therapy.

doi: 10.1186/s12943-024-02057-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3 (A) Schematic diagram of the synthesis of aCD20@ExoCTX/siPDK4 nanoparticles. (B) Typical cellular morphology of BMSCs; (C) Flow cytometry anal ysis of BMSC lineage biomarkers, identifying specific surface markers that confirm the mesenchymal stem cell identity; (D) Typical cell morphology after cyclophosphamide (CTX) pretreatment of BMSCs; (E) Flow cytometry analysis of lineage biomarkers in CTX-pretreated BMSCs; (F) Morphology of mesen chymal stem cell-derived exosomes (Exo) observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM), showing the typical vesicle-enclosed structures; scale bar: 100 nm. (G) Particle size range and concentration of Exo; (H) Morphology of exosomes extracted from CTX-pretreated BMSCs (ExoCTX) under TEM, maintaining the characteristic exosome appearance; scale bar: 100 nm; (I) Particle size range and concentration of ExoCTX; (J) Western blot analysis of sur face markers on both types of exosomes; (K) TEM analysis of the morphology of the aCD20@ExoCTX/siPDK4 exosomal nanoparticle drug; (L) Particle size of aCD20@ExoCTX/siPDK4 exosomal nanoparticle drug; (M) Dynamic light scattering analysis of aCD20@ExoCTX/siPDK4 over six days, measuring hydrody namic diameter (HD), zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI), providing insights into the stability and dispersion of the nanoparticles in solution. (N) UV–vis spectra of the ExoCTX/siPDK4, Rituximab, DSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS, DSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS-Rituximab, DSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS-Rituximab-Cy5, andDSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS-Rituximab-Cy5@ExoCTX/siPDK4(aCD20@ExoCTX/siPDK4).The inset shows the magnified UV–vis spectra from 200 to 800 nm. (O) Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of the ExoCTX/siPDK4, Rituximab, DSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS, DSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS-Rituximab, DSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS-Rituximab-Cy5, andDSPE-Hyd-PEG2000-NHS-Rituximab-Cy5@ExoCTX/siPDK4(aCD20@ExoCTX/siPDK4)

Article Snippet: Rituximab (TOPSCIENCE), Cyclophosphamide (TOPSCIENCE), Inhibitor PCI-34,051 (Selleck), Cytoplasm/Nucleus Separation Kit (Invitrogen), TRIzol (Invitrogen), RT-PCR Kit (Takara), PCR Primers (Sangon Biotech), SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Beyotime, Wuhan); EasySepTM Mouse T Cell Isolation Kit was purchased from STEMCELL Technologies.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Derivative Assay, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Concentration Assay, Western Blot, Zeta Potential Analyzer, Dispersion, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Spectroscopy

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Current State of Knowledge Regarding WHO High Priority Pathogens—Resistance Mechanisms and Proposed Solutions through Candidates Such as Essential Oils: A Systematic Review

doi: 10.3390/ijms24119727

Figure Lengend Snippet: Studies assessing the antimicrobial activity of essential oils against methicillin resistant, vancomycin-intermediate and -resistant S. aureus (a non-exhaustive list).

Article Snippet: Marino A et al., 2020 , S. aureus ATCC 6538 S. aureus ATCC 43300 S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 L. monocytogenes ATCC 13932 B. subtilis ATCC 6633 S. aureus 7786 MRSA ( S. aureus 815) S. aureus 74CCH-MRSA P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 Candida sp. , Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Reichenb. fil. Hydrolate alone or in association with tetracycline/itraconazole , Checkerboard method Broth microdilution Propidium iodide and MitoTracker staining , Spanish oregano (also known as Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns. and Link) EO obtained from flowers was used. Antimicrobial activity of the prepared hydrolates (alone or in combination with tetracyline and itraconazole) was assessed. The hydrolate exhibited good antimicrobial activity, as well as a synergistic action (alteration of mitochondrial function) with itraconazole against C. krusei and an additive effect (alteration of membrane permeability) with tetracycline against MRSA strains. , [ ] .

Techniques: Activity Assay, Diffusion-based Assay, Inhibition, Cytotoxicity Assay, Electron Microscopy, In Vitro, Dilution Assay, Preserving, Quantitative Proteomics, Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis, Membrane, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, Concentration Assay, Titration, Bacteria, Microscopy, Transmission Assay, Microdilution Assay, Produced, Modification, Clinical Proteomics, Blocking Assay, Staining, Cell Culture, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Crystal Violet Assay, Expressing, Flow Cytometry, In Vivo, Liposomes, Time-Kill Assay, Formulation, MTT Assay, Incubation, Thin Layer Chromatography, Bioassay, Antibiofilm Assay, Resazurin Assay, Biofilm Production Assay, Control, Infection, Cream, Antioxidant Activity Assay, Permeability, Virus, Extraction, Isolation